由于工作需要,记录一下使用 StrongSwan 搭建 VPN 的过程,支持 L2TP、IKEv2 PSK/CERT、IPsec 连接,基本上兼容大部分设备
一、环境准备
基本环境如下
- CentOS 7 X64
- StrongSwan 5.5
二、搭建 VPN
2.1、安装依赖
以下采用源码编译安装,需要安装编译依赖环境
yum install -y gmp-devel xl2tpd module-init-tools gcc openssl-devel
2.2、编译安装
首先下载源码
wget https://download.strongswan.org/strongswan-5.5.0.tar.gz -O /tmp/strongswan-5.5.0.tar.gz
解压并编译安装
cd /tmp && tar -zxvf strongswan-5.5.0.tar.gz
cd /tmp/strongswan-5.5.0 &&
./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc \
--enable-eap-radius \
--enable-eap-mschapv2 \
--enable-eap-identity \
--enable-eap-md5 \
--enable-eap-mschapv2 \
--enable-eap-tls \
--enable-eap-ttls \
--enable-eap-peap \
--enable-eap-tnc \
--enable-eap-dynamic \
--enable-xauth-eap \
--enable-openssl \
&& make -j \
&& make install
2.3、基础配置
StrongSwan 的配置主要为 ipsec.conf
、strongswan.conf
、xl2tpd.conf
、options.xl2tpd
这四个配置文件,以下为四个配置文件样例
2.3.1、ipsec.conf
# ipsec.conf - strongSwan IPsec configuration file
config setup
uniqueids=no
charondebug="cfg 2, dmn 2, ike 2, net 0"
conn %default
dpdaction=clear
dpddelay=300s
rekey=no
left=%defaultroute
leftfirewall=yes
right=%any
ikelifetime=60m
keylife=20m
rekeymargin=3m
keyingtries=1
auto=add
#######################################
# L2TP Connections
#######################################
conn L2TP-IKEv1-PSK
type=transport
keyexchange=ikev1
authby=secret
leftprotoport=udp/l2tp
left=%any
right=%any
rekey=no
forceencaps=yes
#######################################
# Default non L2TP Connections
#######################################
conn Non-L2TP
leftsubnet=0.0.0.0/0
rightsubnet=10.0.0.0/24
rightsourceip=10.0.0.0/24
#######################################
# EAP Connections
#######################################
# This detects a supported EAP method
conn IKEv2-EAP
also=Non-L2TP
keyexchange=ikev2
eap_identity=%any
rightauth=eap-dynamic
#######################################
# PSK Connections
#######################################
conn IKEv2-PSK
also=Non-L2TP
keyexchange=ikev2
authby=secret
# Cisco IPSec
conn IKEv1-PSK-XAuth
also=Non-L2TP
keyexchange=ikev1
leftauth=psk
rightauth=psk
rightauth2=xauth
#######################################
# Certificate Connections
#######################################
conn windows7
keyexchange=ikev2
ike=aes256-sha1-modp1024!
rekey=no
left=%defaultroute
leftauth=pubkey
leftsubnet=0.0.0.0/0
leftcert=server.cert.pem
right=%any
rightauth=eap-mschapv2
rightsourceip=10.0.0.0/24
rightsendcert=never
eap_identity=%any
auto=add
2.3.2、options.xl2tpd
ipcp-accept-local
ipcp-accept-remote
ms-dns 8.8.8.8
ms-dns 8.8.4.4
noccp
auth
crtscts
idle 1800
mtu 1280
mru 1280
lock
lcp-echo-failure 10
lcp-echo-interval 60
connect-delay 5000
2.3.3、strongswan.conf
# /etc/strongswan.conf - strongSwan configuration file
# strongswan.conf - strongSwan configuration file
#
# Refer to the strongswan.conf(5) manpage for details
charon {
load_modular = yes
send_vendor_id = yes
plugins {
include strongswan.d/charon/*.conf
attr {
dns = 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4
}
}
}
include strongswan.d/*.conf
2.3.4、xl2tpd.conf
[global]
port = 1701
auth file = /etc/ppp/l2tp-secrets
debug avp = yes
debug network = yes
debug state = yes
debug tunnel = yes
[lns default]
ip range = 10.1.0.2-10.1.0.254
local ip = 10.1.0.1
require chap = yes
refuse pap = yes
require authentication = yes
name = l2tpd
;ppp debug = yes
pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd
length bit = yes
创建好四个配置文件后将其复制到指定位置即可
# Strongswan Configuration
cp ipsec.conf /etc/ipsec.conf
cp strongswan.conf /etc/strongswan.conf
# XL2TPD Configuration
cp xl2tpd.conf /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf
cp options.xl2tpd /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd
2.4、创建证书
对于 Windows、Android 等设备可能不支持某些登录方式,比如 IKEv2 PSK,这是需要创建证书,以支持使用 IKEv2 证书登录
2.4.1、自签 CA
# create CA certificate
ipsec pki --gen --outform pem > ca.key.pem
ipsec pki --self --in ca.key.pem --dn "C=CN, O=StrongSwan, CN=StrongSwan CA" --ca --outform pem > ca.cert.pem
2.4.2、创建服务器证书
其中 --san
可以指定多个,但一般为一个是域名,一个是外网 IP,如果经过了路由,那么只需要写本机的对外暴露网卡的 IP 即可
# create server certificate
ipsec pki --gen --outform pem > server.key.pem
ipsec pki --pub --in server.key.pem | ipsec pki --issue --cacert ca.cert.pem \
--cakey ca.key.pem --dn "C=CN, O=StrongSwan, CN=服务器域名" \
--san="服务器域名" --san="网卡IP" --flag serverAuth --flag ikeIntermediate \
--outform pem > server.cert.pem
2.4.3、创建客户端证书
ipsec pki --gen --outform pem > client.key.pem
ipsec pki --pub --in client.key.pem | ipsec pki --issue --cacert ca.cert.pem \
--cakey ca.key.pem --dn "C=CN, O=StrongSwan, CN=Client" \
--outform pem > client.cert.pem
2.4.4、生成 p12
安卓等设备是不支持直接导入客户端证书的,需要转换成 p12 格式,转换过程中需要输入两次密码,该密码为证书使用密码,导入时需要输入
openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey client.key.pem -in client.cert.pem -name "Client" \
-certfile ca.cert.pem -caname "StrongSwan CA" -out client.cert.p12
2.4.5、安装证书
创建完成后将证书复制到指定目录即可
cp -r ca.cert.pem /etc/ipsec.d/cacerts/
cp -r server.cert.pem /etc/ipsec.d/certs/
cp -r server.key.pem /etc/ipsec.d/private/
cp -r client.cert.pem /etc/ipsec.d/certs/
cp -r client.key.pem /etc/ipsec.d/private/
2.5、创建用户
关于用户的登陆模式,比如使用 L2TP、IPsec、IKEv2 等请自行 Google,以下提供了一个简单的创建用户的脚本
#!/bin/sh
vpn_user=$1
vpn_password=$2
if [ -z ${vpn_user} ] || [ -z ${vpn_password} ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 user password"
exit 1
fi
vpn_deluser ${vpn_user}
cat >> /etc/ipsec.d/l2tp-secrets <<EOF
"${vpn_user}" "*" "${vpn_password}" "*"
EOF
cat >> /etc/ipsec.d/ipsec.secrets <<EOF
${vpn_user} : EAP "${vpn_password}"
${vpn_user} : XAUTH "${vpn_password}"
EOF
将其保存为 vpn_adduser.sh
,执行 ./vpn_adduser.sh USERNAME PASSWD
即可添加用户
2.6、设置 PSK
同样 PSK 也用于登录,如 IKEv2 PSK 登录,使用同样自行 Google,以下为设置 PSK 的脚本
#!/bin/sh
psk=$1
if [ -z ${psk} ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 psk"
exit 1
fi
vpn_unsetpsk
touch /etc/ipsec.d/ipsec.secrets
cat >> /etc/ipsec.d/ipsec.secrets <<EOF
: PSK "${psk}"
EOF
最后启动 VPN 连接即可
/usr/sbin/xl2tpd -c /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf
ipsec start
转载请注明出处,本文采用 CC4.0 协议授权